The application of nanoparticles (NPs) has increased recently because of the important antimicrobial activities of these nanomaterials, allowing their use in several industrial sectors. Due to these applications. There is an increasing concern related to the biological impacts of the use of silver nanoparticles on a large scale and the possible risk to the environment and health. Now a days, some recent studies have been published based on the investigation of potential inflammatory effects, diverse cellular impacts of silver nanoparticles and other important issue related to nanoparticle toxicity. These nanoparticles damage the genetic material, by crossing the cell membranes. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in the analysis of potential nanoparticle toxicity. With the increasing application of NPs in medical contexts, it is becoming necessary for a better understanding of the mechanisms of silver NPs biological interactions and their potential toxicity. Some unique properties of silver NPs, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory activity and toxicity to invertebrates and vertebrates are discussed in this article. Finally, Potential toxicology considerations of Ag NPs, both in vitro and in vivo, are also addressed.