ABSTRACT The first year of life of the baby is crucial in laying the foundation of good health Breastfeeding is the ideal method suited to the psychological and physiological needs of the infant. Breastfeeding provides numerous health benefits to both the mother and infant. Breast milk remains as an ideal nutritional source for the infant. Breastfeeding is an unequaled way of providing ideal food for the healthy growth and development of infants; it is also an integral part of the reproductive process with important implications for the health of mothers. Objectives of the study were as follows; 1. To assess the knowledge regarding exclusive breastfeeding among primigravida and primipara mothers 2. To find out the relationship between knowledge regarding exclusive breastfeeding and selected demographic variables. 3. To prepare a self-instructional module on exclusive breastfeeding 4. To compare the knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding between primigravida and primipara mothers A descriptive survey research approach was adopted for the study. The research design used in my study was non-experimental, descriptive survey design. The study was conducted in antenatal and postnatal wards of W&C Hospital, Alappuzha. The population of the study was primigravida and primipara mothers admitted in W&C Hospital, Alappuzha. The sample size was 180. Sampling technique was convenience sampling. A structured interview schedule was used for collecting data which includes socio-demographic variables and knowledge assessment. The major findings of the study were that 62.78% of the mothers had poor knowledge regarding exclusive breastfeeding, 28.33% had the average knowledge, and 8.9% had good knowledge. There was a significant association of knowledge score with religion, education, employment, monthly income and previous information. There was no significant association of knowledge score with age, place of residence, type of family, and obstetrical score. There was no difference in knowledge among primigravida and primipara mothers The study concluded that the level of knowledge of primi mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding was poor on the basis of findings. It is recommended that a similar study is replicated in another setting. It is also recommending that the effectiveness of self-instructional module can be assessed.