Volume 3, Issue 2

Posted on , by Team IJARND

Volume 3, Issue 2

February

Research Paper

1. A Conceptual Paper on the Marketing Mix of ‘Maruti Suzuki’

Maruti Suzuki is the largest automobile company currently in India. It has the majority of the market share in the country as it is known for providing value for money cars alongside being an Indian company. Maruti 800 was the star product of Maruti as it was there in the Indian market for more than 30 years. Maruti was the first to identify the need of small and affordable cars in India. It correctly analyses the Indian market and provides quality care to the people in the country.

Published by: Vaibhav Badhan, Priyam Modi, Sakshi DodrajkaResearch Area: Marketing Mix of Maruti Suzuki

Organisation: Christ University, Bangalore, KarnatakaKeywords: Budget Car, Value for Money, Huge Product Line.

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Research Paper

2. The Economic Effect of Suicide on South Korea

There are only a few articles available online which give you a comprehensive presentation of the factors involved in people committing suicide in South Korea and how these factors consequently become a hindrance in terms of full growth potential of the economy. Various studies talk about why people in South Korea commit suicide, the rate of growth in the number of suicides and also the various dimensions of socio-economic, cultural, age stratification and other aspects leading to suicide among different categories of people but none talk about the chronological events leading to the increase in the number of people taking their own lives, the reasons behind their appalling action of deliberate killing of the self and the subsequent impact of this on the families and loved ones of those who died and also the costs it bears on the nation and its economy as a whole all in one place. The aim of this article, therefore, is to explore the sequence, rate, reasons and the ultimate effect of suicide on the South Korean economy in the last few decades with increased focus surrounding the 1997-1998 Asian financial crisis which was a major drawback for South Korea: The Land of the Morning Calm.

Published by: Dhruv Garg, Rithik KothariResearch Area: Sucides in South Korea

Organisation: Christ University, Bangalore, KarnatakaKeywords: Suicide, Socio-Economic Factors, Economic Crisis, South Korea

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Case Study

3. Environmental Impact Assessment on Navi Mumbai Airport

The paper examines the environmental impacts of new airport construction at Navi Mumbai. There are different types of environmental impact assessment that can be environmental, that can be social or that can be economical in nature. The main environmental impacts of airports growth are noise and air quality. There are different types of devices like sound level meter were used to record both noise and air quality. This paper covers the main two environmental impacts of an airport i.e. 1) noise & 2) air quality. The findings suggested that the construction and land use for the new proposed airport has a significant relation with the noise & particulate matter (PM) levels too. The PM level at the surrounding living area should not be above than the recommended levels. The findings of the study are hoped to assist in providing better benefits of the proposed Navi Mumbai airport within affordable cost. The construction of Navi Mumbai airport system helped to increase the accessibility & mobility of users. This paper also reports the study of passenger behavior while moving in the interchange facility. So the paper finally describes all different types of environmental impact that can be harmful to people by the new construction of any airport.

Published by: Pranita R. Kale , Kajal S. Jadhav, Sumit H. Dhoke, P. J SalunkeResearch Area: Civil & Environmental Engineering

Organisation: MGM’s College of Engineering and Technology, Kamothe, Navi-Mumbai Keywords: Environmental Engineering, Impacts , Airport

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Research Paper

4. Analysis of LWT-SVD Domain Based Digital Image Watermarking Technique

In This paper presents blind digital image watermarking technique to achieve copyright protection. In order to protect copyright material from illegal duplication, various technologies have been developed, like key-based cryptographic technique, digital watermarking etc. In digital watermarking, a signature or copyright message is secretly embedded in the image by using an algorithm. In This paper, implement that algorithm of digital watermarking by combining both LWT and SVD techniques. Initially, we decompose the original (cover) image into using LWT, and then apply the SVD on each band by modifying their singular values. After subjecting the watermarked image to various attacks like blurring, adding noise, pixilation, rotation, rescaling, contrast adjustment, gamma correction, histogram equalization, cropping, sharpening, lossless compression etc, we extract the originally inserted watermark image from all the bands and compare them on the basis of their MSE and PSNR values. In experimental results if we perform modification in all frequencies, then it will make our watermarked image more resistant to a wide range of image-processing attacks (including common geometric attacks).

Published by: Sultana Bano, Anugrah SrivastavaResearch Area: Digital Image Watermarking

Organisation: Rama University, Kanpur, Uttar PradeshKeywords: Blind Watermarking, Steganography, Digital Watermarks, Authentication, Copyright Material, Cryptographic Techniques, Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT)

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Case Study

5. A Case of B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of Inguinal Lymph Node: On True Cut Biopsy

Introduction: Lymphomas are solid tumors of the immune system. Hodgkin's lymphoma accounts for about 10% of all lymphomas, and the remaining 90% are referred to as non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas have a wide range of histological appearances and clinical features at presentation, which can make diagnosis difficult. Case report: A 60-year-old male presented with the chief complaint of swelling in the bilateral inguinal region since 8 months associated with a headache. On examination, multiple enlarged superficial groups of lymph nodes noted bilaterally measuring 57x36 mm on the right side and 50x32 cm on left side. Radiological findings are suggestive of bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy. A core gun biopsy was done and sent for histomorphological examination. Histomorphologically non-Hodgkin lymphoma was diagnosed and confirmed by performing different IHC markers. Discussion: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma symptoms may include: Swollen lymph nodes in neck, armpits or groin, abdominal pain or swelling, fatigue, fever, night sweats, weight loss. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma generally involves the presence of cancerous lymphocytes most commonly in lymph nodes. In this particular case diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is given on core gun biopsy specimen instead of an excised lymph node specimen. Conclusion: An adequate core gun biopsy specimen is sufficient for making a diagnosis of cancer like non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Published by: Nikita Bansal, Dr. Jasmin JasaniResearch Area: Pathology

Organisation: Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Medical College and Hospital, Vadodara, GujaratKeywords: Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, Lymphadenopathy, Immunohistochemistry.

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Research Paper

6. A Descriptive Study of Awareness and Practices of Reproductive Aged Women about Prevention of Breast Cancer in Selected Villages of District Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh

Breast cancer is a group of malignant disease that commonly occurs in the female breast and infrequently in the male breast. About 25-30% of breast cancer cases are detected among women below 40 years. The average age recognized nationally is 41 to 50 years. At least 10 to 11 percent of cases of cancer in women in Himachal Pradesh are breast cancer.  The objectives of the study were to assess level of awareness and practices followed by women to prevent breast cancer, to associate the awareness score with selected demographic variables and to correlate the awareness score with practices followed by women to prevent breast cancer. METHODS: Quantitative descriptive study was carried out in selected villages of District Sirmour, HP. Using non-probability convenience sampling, 200 women between the age group of 25-40 years were selected from selected areas. Subjects were interviewed using structured questionnaire regarding the prevention of breast cancer and practices followed to prevent breast cancer. Data was analysed by using SPSS version 15 in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: The result shows more than half (57.5% ) of the samples  were having moderate awareness about prevention of breast cancer and only 8.0% were having good awareness whereas 34.5% were not having any awareness about prevention of breast cancer. The Mean score of awareness was 7 with a standard deviation of 2.745. Only 10.5% samples were following good practices for the prevention of breast cancer whereas 81.5% were following moderate practices and only 16(8.0%) were having poor practices about the prevention of breast cancer. There was association between awareness and variables( education, occupation and parity) and no correlation was found in between awareness and practices about prevention of breast cancer CONCLUSION: In conclusion, Intensive educational campaigns to tackle the observed educational deficits should be planned in order to raise awareness towards breast cancer, its risk factors with emphasis on role of prevention and guidelines for screening through self -breast examination, clinical breast examination and mammography.

Published by: Sangeeta Sharma, Ranjeet KourResearch Area: Community

Organisation: Akal College of Nursing, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal PradeshKeywords: Awareness, Practices and Breast Cancer.

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Research Paper

7. Estimating Flexible Pavements Flood Resilience

Although several studies observed pavement responses after flooding, no detailed quantification has been done to date. This paper has estimated different pavements’ performances with flooding to identify flood-resilient roads. This was shown through, new roughness and rutting-based road deterioration (RD) models, The relationship between changes in roughness [International Roughness Index (IRI)] versus time and modulus of resilience (Mr) loss at granular and sub grade layers versus time, CBR of Sub grade, Flood consequence results. The comparative analysis on different pavement performances shows that a rigid and strong pavement built to a high standard is the most flood-resilient, which may be adopted as a pre flood strategy. Results obtained using two proposed new gradients of IRI & CBR in Year 1 over probability of flooding and ΔIRI in Year 1 over loss in Mr as well as flood consequences provided similar results. Road authorities should consider changing their roads to flood-resilient pavements in the future.

Published by: A. V Hankare, P. B Sankpal, V. M Kumbhar, V. B PatilResearch Area: Environment Science

Organisation: T. K. I. E. T. Warananagar, MaharashtraKeywords: Road Deterioration, Modulus of Resilience, Flooding, Flood-Resilient Pavement, CBR.

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Research Paper

8. Optimization and Improvement of Plastic Decoration using Chrome Plating Process

This paper mainly deals with the performance requirement for chrome plating plastic components. These days, decorative parts have taken a big space in the market and specifically in automobile market; chrome plating over the plastic has replaced decorative steel chrome plated parts. Therefore the performance of metal layer with the plastic substrate is an important factor. In spite of various researches on adhesion of metal layer with plastic and problem of early corrosion of chrome plating layer, there is a lot of scope for improvement. Decorative chrome plating involves the electroplating of nickel on the object which is followed by chrome plating layer. In most of the cases, first copper plating is performed on the substrate. Nickel plating is performed over the copper plating and the chrome layer comes over the nickel layer which is the topmost layer of electroplating. Nickel plating provides smooth surface finish and good corrosion resistance. Chrome plating layer gives the decorative finish to the part. The chrome plating is a very thin layer. The metal plating and zinc coatings have been replaced with the plastic chrome plating. The increasing demand for plastic chrome plating is due to following reasons: • Plastics can be molded into any shape and design by injection molding process which is performed in a hard tool called mold. • Being light in weight, Plastics chrome plating parts are used for automobiles. It reduces the weight of vehicle and vehicle requires lesser torque to move. It increases the fuel performance. Processing of plastic material is very easy. Part of any shape and design can be molded and then chrome plated to give it good aesthetic appearance A decorative chrome plated surface, such as monograms, grills and wheel rims are actually the effects of the chrome plating. These are manufactured by a critical manufacturing process of electroplating. Plastic components can be chrome plated from various chemical tanks of Acid, Copper, Nickel, and Chrome. Electroplating process has lot variables which sometimes result in poor adhesion of plating layer and poor corrosion resistance. Experts have been continuously working over to improve the plating adhesion, corrosion resistance life and to control rejections. Over the years, the chrome plating manufacturing process has been upgraded. In spite of these improvements, a very good process control and quality of plastic base material are required. In this paperwork and experiments on injection molding process parameters, mold design and role of plating thickness to improve thermal cracks will be covered. Tool design section has also considered improving the adhesion of metal layer with the plastic substrate. In this paper, the thickness of metal layer has also considered improving its adhesion with the substrate. This paper also covers the research on the factors to improve another failure mode of corrosion over the chrome plating surface. Research factor such as micropore and a potential difference of nickel layers has also been taken into consideration.

Published by: Manoj KumarResearch Area: Plastic Chrome Plating,

Organisation: Haryana Engineering College, Jagadhri, HaryanaKeywords: Chrome Plating, Corrosion Mechanism, Electroplating.

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Research Paper

9. Causes of Political Awaking in Sirsa District

In the last decade of the preceding century, as elsewhere, the wind of changes began to blow here also with the spread of western education, urbanization, and techno-economic change, the people especially the town-dwelling middle class were influenced. Institutions building efforts were also made by the people; the attempts of Arya Samajis were most significant in his direction. the main credit for this goes to Lala Lajpat Rai and Dr. Ramji Lal who propagated the ideals of the Arya Samaj among the people. As a result, the first Arya Samaj was established at Sirsa in 1892, Sarv Hitkarini Sabha, The Sanatan Dharma Sabha, Sri Yuvak Samiti, Shri Bal Amar Samiti, Arya School, Govt. Higher Secondary School and R.S.D. High School played important role in political and social awaking

Published by: Dr. Rakesh Kumar, Dr. Sheetal meenaResearch Area: History

Organisation: GSSS DhanoorKeywords: Arya Samajis Sarv Hitkarini Sabha, The Sanatan Dharma Sabha, Sri Yuvak Samiti , Shri Bal Amar Samiti, Arya School, Govt. Higher Secondary School , R.S.D. High School , Political, Social Awaking

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Review Article

10. Taiwan- It's Religion and Beliefs

Taiwan's religious condition is described by colossal decent variety and resistance. There's some opposition between groups, however no grinding. A few spectators have compared the blend of religions to strings which together make an excellent social embroidered artwork. In Taiwan, a few people hone 'unadulterated' Buddhism and some take after 'unadulterated' Taoism. Significantly more, in any case, tail one, or both, mixed with society convictions. For any individual who experienced childhood in the West or the Middle East, where monotheistic beliefs require elite devotion, the pick-and-blend approach of numerous Taiwanese to religion is at first stupefying yet continually fascinating. The divine beings and goddesses loved by most Taiwanese are Chinese in inception, in spite of the fact that a couple are altogether nearby. Christians are a little minority, and Muslims a much littler one. In spite of Japan's immense effect on Taiwan in fields as fluctuated as engineering and cooking, not very many Taiwanese take after Japanese religions.

Published by: Rahul VC, Mukandila Sompo JaelResearch Area: Pacific Rim Asian Societies

Organisation: Christ University, Bangalore, KarnatakaKeywords: Embroidered, Monotheistic, Stupefying, Inception, Fluctuated.

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Research Paper

11. A Comprehensive Study on the Identification of Natural Existence and Its Gradual Development of Methanol Traces in the Raw Chilli (Capsicum annuum) and its Oleoresin

The present research was aiming to understand the possibility of the natural existence of methanol in raw chili, oleoresins and its gradual increment on long storage. The results of the researchers inferred that (1) the chili raw material irrespective of its geographical origin, maturity or parts it contains methanol traces. (2) The traces of methanol ppm will increase gradually when we keep it for long period of time (3) When comparing the storage conditions the elevation of methanol ppm in oleoresin is less in the products which are keeping less than 10 o C. The results are supporting the findings of Frenkel et.al, in 1998 and Fall et.al, 1996. The former find the reason for the development of methanol in tomato fruits at the time of ripening. It is due to the demethoxylation of pectins present in the cell wall of plants by the catalytic activity of the enzyme pectin methylesterase (PME, EC 3.1.1.11). According to Fall natural methanol emission is happening from the natural plant leaves due to the pectin metabolism. The cell wall of the chill is also contained the pectin compound as a building block.It might be the reason for the development of methanol traces in the raw chili. During the time of extraction, it may accumulate in the concentrated products. From the results, it is confirming that there is a chance for natural existence of methanol in raw chili and its value-added products in trace level.

Published by: Dr. K. C BabyResearch Area: Spice and Oleoresins

Organisation: Synthite Industries Ltd., Kolenchery, Kerala Keywords: Chilli, Oleoresin, Gas Chromatography, Methanol

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Research Paper

12. Data Hiding Using Image Steganography

Data security is the most concerned factor in the era of vast technological advancement. Vast technical knowledge paved a path for the evolution of data-stealing techniques. Steganographic techniques help to mask the secretive information with some other media that acts as a cover to the information. This technique makes it very difficult for hackers to notice the information because it appears in form of a media rather than as information itself. The media file can be an audio, image or a video. Image steganography helps to hide secret information in images. These images can be exchanged without seeking any attention of hackers to the secret information inside it. The information is encrypted before embedding it into the image, to make it safer. This can be decrypted at the receiver side with proper algorithm along with a correct key. This project involves encrypting the information and hiding it in the image using LSB array. Extracting the information and decrypting it is done at the receiver

Published by: Nannapaneni Manoj Kumar, M. Praveen Kumar, M. Srinivasa RaoResearch Area: Digital Image Processing

Organisation: Vasireddy Venkatadri Institute of Technology (VVIT), Namburu, Andhra PradeshKeywords: Steganography, Encryption, Decryption, LSB Array.

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Research Paper

13. A Smart Wearable System for ECG and Health Monitoring

There are many situations where the patient needs regular or daily observation but this is difficult to do as it mingles with the lifestyle of the patient. To solve this problem a system can be developed which is easy to carry and which checks the health parameters like temperature, heart rhythm, heartbeat and blood pressure of the patients continuously. This smart ECG can be worn by inpatients or outpatients and monitored in real-time. Healthcare professionals can access patients' data wirelessly in real time with their smartphones. This system can be useful especially for senior citizens who live alone or have a disability. Therefore, this proposed system can be utilized for remote medical systems to assist the elderly patients, for self-testing diagnostics, or for physicians to diagnose diseases of the circulatory system. The proposed system consists of electrocardiogram (ECG) which assesses the heart rhythm, diagnose abnormalities of heart and pulse oximeter which calculate the vital parameters of the patient and store this information using Arduino Mega. This system would be very helpful as the patient's health condition is regularly checked without the patient going to the hospital for regular checkups and this will also help the patient financially. In case of dire conditions like heart stroke and problems with blood pressure, the location of the patient is found using GPS and the patient can be treated immediately. The system is then connected to the smartphone through Bluetooth and the patient's health parameter information is displayed in an app. These kinds of systems are very promising in these cases due to the decrease in prices, increase in data storage capacity, availability of various sensors and standard communication interfaces, best user interface using a touchscreen.

Published by: A. Dharma Teja, Dr. K. Srihari RaoResearch Area: Digital Electronics and Communication Systems

Organisation: NRI Institute of Technology, Guntur, Andhra PradeshKeywords: Arduino Mega, ECG, GPS, Pulse Oximeter, Bluetooth, LM35, Smart Phone, App

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Research Paper

14. Disease Classification in Ophthalmology

Image Processing is playing an important role in Ophthalmology to deal with Eye diseases. Image processing helps doctors to identify diseases and analyse them with ease. It enhances retinal images to identify eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, retinal detachment, glaucoma, etc.. Various technologies are used in medical imaging. In order to enhance the images obtained by fundus microscope and give a clear output, various techniques are used such as contrast stretching, histogram analysis, edge detection, detection of blood clotting in retinal images, redness of colour fungus image and measurement of the damaged portion in the fungus image. Image Processing Software is developed for Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology is a challenging field. The diagnosis of most eyes related and some other diseases like diabetes require the observation of changes in anatomical structure of eye. The doctors can diagnose the disease of eye, if they have clear retinal images. Problems related to eyes are very common in rural and semi-urban areas and to meet the requirement of rural population, a low cost eye care system is designed and developed. In order to enhance the images obtained by fundus microscope and give a clear output, various algorithms are designed.

Published by: Sneha Joshi, S. K. SekarResearch Area: Image Processing

Organisation: Mahesh PU College, Bangalore, KarnatakaKeywords: Feature Extraction, Pre-processing, Disease Classification

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Research Paper

15. Ground Water Quality Analysis Studies on the Seasonally in Kalburagi , District Karnataka State, India

The present study deals with the physicochemical parameters of seasonal fluctuations of Groundwater quality analysis in Gulbarga district, Karnataka, India Research findings for fluoride asses in drinking water reveals that in the period of 2015 to 2016 most of all the samples were found to be exceeded the WHO 1995 drinking water standards it effects on the Human health It is said that water was found on Earth approximately 3 billion years ago. Groundwater quality is an important issue to assure from its safe and stable use. However, describing quality conditions is generally difficult considering the spatial variability of pollutants and a wide range of indicators (biological, physical and chemical substances) which can be measured. In this research, groundwater quality of Gulbarga District, Karnataka located in southern part of India. I have been selected to 35 study sites and analyzed the quality of water. A groundwater threat is now posed by an ever-increasing number of soluble chemicals from urban and industrial activities and from modern agricultural practices. Nevertheless, landslides, fires and other surface processes that increase or decrease infiltration or that expose rock and soil surfaces interacting with downward-moving surface water, may also affect the quality of shallow groundwater.

Published by: Rekha. S. Choudhary, Dr. Mohan I NaikResearch Area: Environmental Science

Organisation: Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi, Karnataka Keywords: Groundwater. Fluoride, Seasonal Wise Fluctuation, Health Issues, Rocks, Pollution .

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Research Paper

16. Real Time Hybrid Face and Gesture Detection System Using Open CV

Gesture based interaction systems are becoming more and more popular both at workplace and home. The projects intends to develop a system that can recognize hand gestures which can be used as an input command to interact with the PC which can be applied to picture gallery browsing. One of the key areas that needs to be looked at while developing such systems is the image processing stage. Since it would be very hard to produce an algorithm that can recognize gestures in the time allocated, within my project, I plan to design and implement a system that can perform general image processing of the user image captured in real time. Most of my work will be based on image processing techniques. My expected outcome will be an algorithm that can detect skin regions of the image user image captured and detect contours around the detected skin regions. In order to manage my project I will be using Waterfall model as the system development methodology. Microsoft Visual C++ will be used for the implementation of the code developed with combination with the OpenCV library. I feel that if I successfully meet my targets then I will have contributed towards the future of natural gesture based interfaces, if only in a minimal way.

Published by: Sagar Srivastava, Shivam Sharma, Paras Jain, Rajeev SinghResearch Area: Artificial Intelligence

Organisation: IMS Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar PradeshKeywords: Face Detection, Open CV, Image Processing, Microsoft Visual C++.

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Research Paper

17. Effectiveness of Health Education Programme on Knowledge and Selected Practices Regarding Diarrhoea among the Mothers of Under Five Children

Diarrhoea is a symptom of a variety of conditions and it constitutes one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among infants and children throughout the world. Diarrhoea is a problem not only of the developing countries but also of the Western countries. Globally, there are nearly 1.7 billion cases of diarrhoeal disease every year. Globally four billion episodes of diarrhea were estimated to occur each year with > 90% occurring in developing countries.

Published by: Mamta Chauhan, Isha Thakur DharniResearch Area: Medical

Organisation: Akal College of Nursing, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal PradeshKeywords: Knowledge, Selected Practices, Mothers of under Five Children, Diarrhoea.

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Research Paper

18. Home Control Using Node MCU

This project aims at achieving automation using the widely used mobile operating system Node MCU i.e. android operating system. The electrical and home appliances can be controlled using the Android mobile phones even if you are out of your house and you forgot to switch off the appliances. Many electrical and home appliances like light, fan, refrigerators etc., can be controlled using the Android operating system. This can also be implemented at workplaces. Home automation is the residential extension of building automation. It is automation of the home, housework or household activity. Home automation may include centralized control of lighting, HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning), appliances, security locks of gates and doors and other systems, to provide improved convenience, comfort, energy efficiency and security. Home automation for the elderly and disabled can provide increased quality of life for persons who might otherwise require caregivers or institutional care.

Published by: Shalini Tadi, Lakshmi Prasanna Polana, Sireesha Potla, Venkata Triveni Vudata, Naga Lakshmi VuyyalaResearch Area: IOT

Organisation: Vasireddy Venkatadri Institute of Technology, Nambur, Andhra PradeshKeywords: Node MCU, Android or IOS with Blynk App, Relays, Switches, Arduino IDE Software, Protocol.

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Research Paper

19. IoT Based Smart Fire Emergency Response System

Modern buildings around the world have become complex and augmented. Given the structural characteristics of modern buildings, quick evacuation using emergency exits or evacuee guidance markers during blackouts due to fire, building collapse, earthquakes, or aging of buildings need to be possible. This paper suggests an Internet of Things(IoT)-based intelligent fire emergency response system that can control directional guidance intelligently according to the time and location of a disaster and the design of an integrated control system using wireless sensor networks to address the problems with existing fire emergency response systems in times of fire or building collapse.

Published by: Noorbasha Johnsaida, Lakkisetty V. Rahul, Tadi ShaliniResearch Area: Internet of Things

Organisation: Vasireddy Venkatadri Institute of Technology, Andhra PradeshKeywords: Detour Evacuation System, Internet of Things, Fire Detection, Raspberry pi, Twilio

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Review Article

20. Scheduling and Planning of Casting Operation in Cast Iron Foundry Using JIT

There are several methods and strategies for production planning which are effectively implemented in the metal industry and in the automobile and machine tools industry in particular. However, small research has been published regarding scheduling in foundry operations. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to develop a new mathematical model for scheduling foundry operations based on JIT (Just in Time) perception. The research strategy includes a review of available literature and combination of the developed mathematical model into a foundry for testing the model with true data. The planned model is successfully implemented into the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning). The conclusions presented in this paper are based on the results of the tests carried out in the single foundry.

Published by: Navinmeshak, SubbiahResearch Area: Planning and Scheduling

Organisation: Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu Keywords: Cast Iron Production, Scheduling, Mathematical Models, JIT.

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Research Paper

21. Modified form of Reynolds Equation for Porous Cosine-Form Convex Curved Plates with Couplestress Effects

This paper presents the theoretical study of couplestress effect on the squeeze film lubrication of cosine form of convex curved plates in which the upper plate has rough structure and lower plate is with porosity in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field .The gap between the plates is filled with non-Newtonian conducting lubricant of film thickness which consists of nominal smooth and rough part. The modified Reynold’s equation is derived using Christensen’s stochastic theory for rough surfaces. Expressions for dimensionless pressure distribution, load carrying capacity and squeeze film time are derived. The solution of the modified Reynold’s equation is obtained and for various physical parameters the results are discussed in terms of squeeze film characteristics of the bearings and graphs are plotted for the results. It is seen that for couplestresses in the presence of transverse magnetic field surface roughness effects are more prominent as compared to non-conducting Newtonian fluid(NCNF) in case of cosine form of convex curved plates. Tabulated values shows, for increased values of couplestress parameter, magnetic and roughness parameter load capacity and squeeze film time increases in transverse roughness case and these quantities decreases in case of longitudinal roughness and also decrease in load carrying capacity and response time is seen in case of permeability compared to impermeable case.

Published by: Syed Arishiya Naseem Fatima, Trimbak Biradar, Hanumagowda B. NResearch Area: Mathematics

Organisation: K. C. T College of Engineering, Gulbarga, KarnatakaKeywords: Convex Curved Plates, Cosine Function, Magnetic Field, Porous Medium , Surface Roughness, Couple Stress Effect.

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Research Paper

22. Business Development for Philips Solar business in Delhi & West UP

LED are the innovative products which turned out to be the digital version of light. The light emitting diode is the new form of light, which is highly efficient and energy saving. It lasts long and the light output is also high when compared to the traditional CFL Bulbs where 40% lumens are exited out as heat and only the rest is used as a productive one. Solar LED is just one-time investment and requires minimum care and since it is not CFL but LED light, it is more efficient because of the coating used in the CFL which helps in reflecting the light towards work area and only 20% amount of light is generated as heat and which cannot be used for the roads. From the findings and interpretations of the study done on solar energy through research papers, government websites and through conducting a survey, it can be said that solar energy products have a great future ahead. Solar energy is also considered as a fuel of future by all the scientists and researchers. Through all this research, I come up with the conclusion that India is far behind in the development of solar power nation and is not moving in a good direction. Government and private solar companies has to work hand in hand to develop and promote solar energy products. Solar companies can provide samples and special benefits to buyers of solar energy which will increase the awareness and will help in changing perception of the customers. It will motivate the investors to invest more in solar and it will be considered as a positive impression of buyers. For promoting solar energy in private companies, CSR can play a vital role and the companies will be ready to invest in eco-friendly source of energy.

Published by: Sanjit Singh Lamba, Shinu VigResearch Area: Marketing

Organisation: Amity Business School, Noida, Uttar PradeshKeywords: Solar Energy, Solar Cells

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Research Paper

23. Cloud Based File Sharing and User Revocation System Using Key Aggregate Searchable Encryption

The potential of by selection sharing encrypted knowledge with totally different users via public cloud storage might greatly ease security issues over unintended knowledge leaks within the cloud. A key challenge to coming up with such coding schemes lies within the economical management of coding keys. the specified flexibility of sharing any cluster of chosen documents with any cluster of users demands totally different coding keys to be used for various documents. However, this additionally implies the requirement of firmly distributing to users an outsized variety of keys for each coding and search, and people users can got to firmly store the received keys, associate degreed submit an equally sizable amount of keyword trapdoors to the cloud so as to perform search over the shared data. The tacit want for secure communication, storage, and complexness clearly renders the approach impractical. during this paper, we have a tendency to address this sensible downside, that is essentially neglected within the literature, by proposing the novel conception of key combination searchable coding (KASE) and instantiating the conception through a concrete KASE theme, during which an information owner solely must distribute one key to a user for sharing an outsized variety of documents, and therefore the user solely must submit one trapdoor to the cloud for querying the shared documents. the protection analysis and performance analysis each ensure that our planned schemes square measure incontrovertibly secure and much economical.

Published by: Ansh Gupta, Akshada Navale, Diksha Pardeshi, Pooja Vaidkar, Prof. Minal ChalakhResearch Area: Cloud Computing

Organisation: MIT College of Engineering, Pune, MaharashtraKeywords: Cloud Computing, Keyword Search, Encryption, Diffie-Hellman Algorithm

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24. A Smart Phone Enabled Behavior Monitoring System for Alerting Distracted Drivers

The objective of A smart phone enabled behavior monitoring system for alerting distracted drivers work is to build a driver monitoring system. Nowadays because of the road accidents every year the death rate keep on increasing and the vehicle production rate is also increasing. So Drive Safe application is developed to alert the drivers for dangerous driving events with respect to driver behavior and road conditions. This system focuses on five of the most commonly occurring dangerous driving events: drowsy driving, inattentive driving, lane weaving and drifting, vehicle detection and messaging system. Driver behavior is monitored with his head pose and eye state using front camera of the mobile. If the driver head pose and eye state conditions are detected not correct means that the driver is drowsy or inattentive. Similarly in the rear camera the dangerous driving condition at the road are detected with respect to lane conditions and vehicles (living being, non-living being) on the road. If he driver driving badly with respect to lanes on the road and if any vehicles coming in front of the vehicle very close it will be detected. For the above system detected dangerous events on any of the camera, the system alerts the driver by displaying an alert icon on the phone’s touch screen along with an audible alert message. To process the video frames from both front and rear camera a context switching algorithm is used. So that the driver will be notices in both the way and alerted for them. A messaging system is also employed to know the urgent and important calls while the driver is driving. A text message saying that the driver is busy is send to the caller who is making more number of calls. So that the driver can know about the urgent and important information’s even while driving.

Published by: J Kanimozhi, R SubramanianResearch Area: Computer Science

Organisation: Pondicherry University, Kalapet, PuducherryKeywords: Head Pose, Eye State, Lane Detection, Alert, Front Camera, Rear Camera, Context Switching, Messaging System.

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25. A Novel Method of Saving Life of Human from Different Disaster Activities Using Controller

Now a days there are different things happening across the world which like any natural disaster or any manmade activity which could damage the life of human. So Technology is changing so much rapidly. We all have to take the advantage of this rapidly changing technology for making the life of human being safe and secure. So one can make use of ARM controller, Raspberry Pi, VLSI technology for saving human being from these disaster activities. Generally in our day today life we came to know the different disaster activities like Land Sliding, Building Collapse, and LPG explosion, Tsunami etc.[1] So there would be the chances that many human being buried under earth surface because of the above any activity. Here we are using Arduino based system for checking the victims under the earth surface. In market Aurdino modules are easily available with much cheaper rate. Arduino is an easily available in electronics platform based on easy of hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs from different sensor and transducers to produces the required output to control the specific application. [5]

Published by: Shinde M. T, Chavan G. A, Hajare R. N, Thokal P. VResearch Area: Engineering Technology

Organisation: Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, MaharashtraKeywords: ARM Controller, Raspberry Pi, VLSI technology, Arduino etc.

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26. Plant Diversity of Jeypore Reserve Forest, of Assam, North East India

Plant diversity of Jeypore Reserve Forest was studied during session 2012- 2015 to analyze diversity richness and correlation between diversity richness at species level. All trees greater than or equal to 10cm dbh at 1.3 m, shrubs and herbs were recorded. A total of 251 species belonging to 187 genera under 103 families and 4 unidentified species have been documented. A total of 94 tree species 55 Shrub species, 51 Herb species and 51 Climbers were recorded. The present study can serve as information for long time monitoring and sustaining the plant diversity of the forest.

Published by: Bhaskar Rajbonshi, M. IslamResearch Area: Forest Ecology

Organisation: Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, AssamKeywords: Plant Diversity, Jeypore Reserve Forest, Ecological Aspect, Remnant Forest Patches

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27. PCA Technique for Recognition of Face

Face is a complex multidimensional structure which needs a good computing technique for recognition. Our present approach treats face recognition as two-dimensional recognition problem. In this scheme face recognition is done by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Face images are projected onto a face space that encodes best variation among known face images. The face space is needed by eigenface which are eigenvectors of the set of faces, which may not correspond to general facial features such as eyes, nose, and lips. The eigenface approach uses the PCA for recognition of the images. The system performs by projecting pre extracted face image onto a set of face space that represents significant variations among known face images. Face will be categorized as known or unknown face after matching with the present database. If the user is new to the recognition system then his/her template will be stored in the database else matched against the templates stored in the database. The variable reducing theory of PCA accounts for the smaller face space than the training set of face.

Published by: P. BhagyaSri, K. SaiRatna, K. Aswini, K. Sahana, T. Vijaya KumarResearch Area: Image Processing

Organisation: Vasireddy Venkatadri Institute of Technology, Nambur, Andhra PradeshKeywords: Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Eigenfaces, Database.

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28. Development of Green Marketing in India

As today’s consumer become more and more conscious of natural products. Businesses are beginning to modify own thoughts and behavior in an attempt to address the concerns of consumers. Green marketing is the marketing of products that are presumed to be environmentally safe. Green marketing involves developing and promoting products and services that satisfy customers want and need for quality, performances, affordable pricing and convenience without having a detrimental impact on the environment. Now it is very necessary for India to the promotion of environmentally safe and beneficial products, under the Green marketing business when specific products were identified as harmful to the earth’s atmosphere. As the result, new “green” products were introduced that were less damaging to the environment. Green marketing includes ecologically safer products, recyclable and biodegradable packaging and better pollution controls. Especially packaging made from recycling paper, phosphate-Free detergents, and refillable containers for cleaning products and bottle using less plastic. Using this ‘’Greenness” concept consumer determine the fate of a company, green marketing imparts proactive strategies to these companies to cater the market by imparting natural friendly product or services. Green marketing is the marketing of products that are presumed to be environmentally safe. Thus green marketing incorporates a broad range of activities including product modification, changes to the production process, packaging changes, as well as modifying advertising, selling and service of products based on their environmental benefits. For this, the companies will have to find out and go for new technologies, for handling waste, sewage, and air pollution by providing the truly natural product. For this regard company may manifest these concerns through experiment. Conclusion:- Moreover man limited resources on the earth, with which she/he must attempt to provide for the worlds unlimited wants. The marketer should go for the adoption of green marketing by competitive advantage, corporate social responsibilities, Government pressure, competitive pressure, and cost or profit issues.

Published by: Dr. Pranesh KulkarniResearch Area: Marketing process

Organisation: Krupanidhi Degree College Bangalore, KarnatakaKeywords: Marketing Process and System of Production Changes, Adopting in New World

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29. Effective Safety Management Practices of an Outsourced Catering Group in a Hospital Kitchen of a Tertiary Care Hospital

Providing a safe working environment is the responsibility of every employer. To accomplish workplace safety goals, properly managed safety program is very important to show the commitment to safety by the management. This article briefs on the systems followed by the out sourced catering group to ensure safe working environment of their employees in hospital patient food service kitchen.

Published by: S. Ramesh, B. ManimegalaiResearch Area: Food Service Employee Safety

Organisation: Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil NaduKeywords: Workplace Safety, Risk Assessment, Incident Reporting, Hospital Kitchen Safety.

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Research Paper

30. Analysis of Gain Spectrum and ASE (Amplified Spontaneous Emission) Of EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier) using MATLAB

The scope of this paper is to analyze the performance is augmented gain EDFA systems using single and multi-wavelength input sources. The performance of an Optical Communication System can be improved by the use of EDFA as an Optical Amplifier. Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) is an important element in DWDM networks. A significant MATLAB code is developed, which provides the ability to handle multiple channels, thereby allowing to observe the EDFA gain versus wavelength. Since the gain is non-uniform, it is important to know its characteristics in WDM applications where many channels are sent through amplifier. Addition to this includes the forward Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE). The resulting model is practical and accurately represents EDFA gain dynamics and forward ASE.

Published by: Padavala Alekhya, Komaravalli Byula Grace, Narisetty Sukshitha, Lokam JyothirmaiResearch Area: Optical Communications

Organisation: Vasireddy Venkatadri Institute of Technology, Nambur, Andhra PradeshKeywords: EDFA System, Optical Communication, MATLAB, Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE), Augmented.

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31. A Hybrid Approach for Temperature and Humidity Control in HVAC System and Optimization with Fuzzy Logic

The main objective of this paper is to shed light on this new but highly promising hybrid approach of fuzzy logic and adaptive neuro-fuzzy network, its use in control systems, particularly in the field of computer science and engineering applications. The original objective of this paper is to study the variations in the energy consumption by changing the input parameters and the stability of the system in terms of system response time and error arising during changing the input values of the system. This paper takes the model a step forward, in that the mathematically based and derived model is modified to use in design a practical fuzzy controller and to apply it in a real-life application, such as the temperature control problem. This model is modified to make traditional controller some explicit when multiple constrained resources available. This model is derived to provide a robust quantified fuzzy system that can find out the level of satisfaction and provide a practical and intelligent tool for further accessing the impact of different options available to the fuzzy logic controller

Published by: Bhanu Pratap Singh, Sweta SinghResearch Area: Automation

Organisation: Hindustan Institute of Technology and Management, Agra, Uttar Pradesh Keywords: Ventilating Air Conditioning (HVAC) System, Fuzzy Logic, Artificial Neuro-Fuzzy Inference (ANFIS) System, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Controller

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32. International Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures: Implications on World Trade

In principle, sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures aim to protect the health of humans, plants and animals, while technical barriers to trade (TBT) ensure product quality and safety. However, governments may overshoot the requirements of health and consumer safety and use SPS and TBT to shield domestic producers from fair competition. Potential abuses of both measures as protectionist tools not only constrain international trade but also consumers’ welfare by restricting the choices of goods available to them. Less developed countries do not gain as much when implementing the measures or are disadvantaged in exporting goods, particularly when importers are advanced economies. This paper identifies the problems that limit the participation of developing countries with respect to the way in which it currently operates with the help of case laws.

Published by: Rita GhialResearch Area: Law

Organisation: Panjab University, Chandigarh, PunjabKeywords: Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, Technical Barriers to Trade, Developed and Developing Countries, Dispute.

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33. IOT Based Smart Surveillance System

Internet of Things offers user interoperability and connectivity between devices, systems, services, networks and in particularly control systems. This paper details the design and development of IoT based security surveillance system using Raspberry Pi Single Board Computer (SBC) with Wi-Fi network connectivity. Adding wireless fidelity to embedded systems will open up various feasibilities such as worldwide monitoring and control, reliable data storage etc. This system comprises of sensor nodes and a controller section for surveillance. Remote user alerts, video streaming and portability are the prime features of the system. Wi-Fi enabled microcontroller processes the sensor-based events upon receiving the event notification, the controller enables the camera for capturing the event, alerts the user via email and SMS and places the video of event on client mail. Raspberry Pi eliminates the need of a wireless transceiver module in sensor node, thus it makes the node compact, cost effective and easy to use. The biggest advantage of the system is that the user can seek surveillance from anywhere in the world and can respond according to the situations.

Published by: Leela Krishna Gunnemeda, Subhash Chowdary Gadde, Harshith Guduru, Moses Babu Devarapalli, Santhosh Kumar PeketiResearch Area: Embedded Systems

Organisation: Vasireddy Venkatadri Institute of Technology, Nambur, Andhra PradeshKeywords: Internet of Things (IoT), Raspberry Pi, Picamera, PIR sensor, Twilio

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34. Design And Development of Alternate Sources of Energy using Wind Turbulence Created by Moving Vehicles on Highway by using VAWT’S

Energy conservation is a process of conquering circulatory waste energy or heat and converting it into usable power which has been continuously attracting more and more researcher interest because of the limitations of traditional power sources. The foremost aim will be to extract usable power which can run various devices having low power requirement such as mobile devices and wireless sensor networks. In highways and railway transports, there is a wide need of replacing the existing source of energy by alternate source of energy. This report represents the method of harnessing the turbulence of winds generated by the frequently passing vehicles on highway by use of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine [VAWT]. By combining numerous VAWT, the wind turbulence created by the frequently passing vehicles on highway can be used to generate electricity which can be stored in the battery and used for the various applications such as street light or a charger station in the remote highway.

Published by: Pranav Sarda, Mohit Verma, Krishna YadavResearch Area: Energy Conservation

Organisation: Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra Keywords: VAWT Vertical Axis Wind Turbine, Tip Speed Ratio, Aerodynamic, Solidity, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Glass Reinforced Plastic

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35. Official Language of Union of India and the Issues Resulted in Multilingual Polity

This paper follows the study on the rich legacy regarding languages and each languages talked and the issue of national language, faced by the constitution creator for proceeding with the official language making as soliditary one for the nation and also this analyze the particular national picture wind up noticeably complicated inquiry in the mindset of complex popular feeling and separated perspectives and analyze the debate on the issue of national language under the Indian Constitution and its significance in bringing about social transformation. And also it discusses the controversy of the official languages and attempts to find a solution to the semantic debate.It is a concentrated material on study of issues of framing the official language by the constitution makers of India comparing the social and cultural factors. Language is an essential piece of our lives. It is an interestingly human blessing which gives us a chance to impart and separates us from primates. Be that as it may, dialect is considerably more than only a methods for correspondence. It is additionally an indivisible piece of our way of life. The issue of national language has developed more mind boggling than what the constitution creators had thought it to be. The issue of proceeding with the official dialect left finished by the pioneer experts and the decision of option’s so as to have indigenous personality and particular national picture wind up noticeably complicated inquiry in the midset of complex popular feeling and separated perspectives. The Preamble to the Constitution of India particularly accommodates solidarity and respectability of the country. In this manner, nothing ought to be done that would be conflicting with the perfect. In this thesis the fundamental source applied and depends on online or secondary sources connected and also the writer has depended on doctrinal strategy by using E-Book and additionally utilized the authorized auxiliary legal sites

Published by: Kajal S JithResearch Area: Indian Constitutional Law

Organisation: Indore Institute of Law, Indore, Madhya Pradesh Keywords: Official Language, Union India, Multilingual Polity.

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36. Indian Currency Recognition and Verification using Image Processing

Indian is a developing country, Production and printing of Fake notes of Rs.100, 500 and 1000 were already there but after the demonetization the couterfiet notes of new Rs.50,200,500,2000 have also came to the light in very short time and which effects the country’s economic growth. From last few years due to technological advancement in color printing, duplicating, and scanning, counterfeiting problems are coming into picture. In this article, recognition and verification of paper currency with the help of digital image processing techniques is described. The characteristics extraction is performed on the image of the currency and it is compared with the characteristics of the genuine currency. The currency will be recognized and verified by using image processing techniques. The approach consists of a number of components including image processing, edge detection, image segmentation and characteristic extraction and comparing images. The desired results will be the text and voice output of the currency recognized and verified.

Published by: Mahesh R PujarResearch Area: Image Processing

Organisation: B. V. B. College of Engineering and Technology, Hubballi, KarnatakaKeywords: Recognition and Verification, Indian Currency Notes, Image Processing.

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37. Ricinus Communis (Palm of Christ) Healing Touch of God

Various tribes of India since years using the ethnobotanical medicine without knowing the scientific basis, hence aim of this review is to the documentation of the healing touch of “ Arnika of Ayurveda castor plant” and & advised the uses of therapeutic benefit to oral health and diseases. Modern dental practices should be integrated to formulate their sustainable utilization with the traditional knowledge.

Published by: Dr. Vineeta G. Singh, Dr. Jithendra K. D., Dr. Shailendra S. Chauhan, Dr. Aditya Sinha, Dr. Shailesh Singh, Dr. Satendra SharmaResearch Area: Dentistry

Organisation: K. D. Dental College & Hospital, Kota, Uttar PradeshKeywords: Castor Oil, Healing, Traditional Knowledge

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38. Word of Mouth - A Powerful Marketing Strategy

Word of mouth is one of the amazing and powerful marketing strategy which requires no money but works very affectively on any kind of businesses. It is quite difficult but comes from the inner emotion of each customer and creates a positive impact on others and for the business. An important goal of this research is to decide the informal consequences for buyers purchasing choice negative or positive. The respondents appear get a kick out of the chance to affect shoppers' choice and close family, dear companion, and different partners. More outcome indicates two things can be the motivation to make troubles for the organization. Word of mouth marketing is getting exceptionally normal in e-business particularly for purchasers and purchasers. Therefore, unique points were drawn; the underlying point of this exploration is to consider the consideration of the clients in informal exchange to control their internet acquiring exercises. The accompanying point is to analyze the advertising conduct remembering the web advance and informal, their thought for verbal showcasing.

Published by: Jaanvi Singh, Antarah Narayan, Manas ManthaResearch Area: Marketing

Organisation: Christ University, Bangalore, KarnatakaKeywords: Strategy, Respondent, Organization, Explore, Acquire.

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39. Ethnograpgy of Gora Village, Lalitpur District, Uttar Pradesh: With Special Reference to Caste Discrimination

This paper deal with a brief overview of Lalitpur district, Demographic and socio - economic profile of Gora village. Also find out the discriminatory behavior of the upper caste people towards lower caste people according to their level of social, political, cultural and economic perception. This study conducted in Gora village of Lalitpur district, Uttar Pradesh. Bundelkhand is known as a drought prone area, but this region is also famous for its folklores. Despite the problems such as poverty, economic deprivation, hunger; people of this region celebrate each and every festival with proper tradition with enthusiasm. The data, in this paper, is presented using both tables and graphs for easy comprehension. The study reveals that the Gora village is very poor thus presenting a very different and unique picture of the research.

Published by: Anjana Singh RajpootResearch Area: Law

Organisation: Centre for the Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New DelhiKeywords: Ethnography, Caste, Discrimination

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40. The Effect of Store Image and Private Label Brands on Sales of Women’s Apparel in Bangalore

Private label brands also known as house brands, own brands and store brands are products that are created, controlled and marketed by a specific retail chain. In this research we will be using the secondary method to find whether the sales of a private label brand depend on the store or whether it has its own brand image and how the preference impacts the sales. We will also find the future of PLBs and the emerging trends in this type of branding. Though the private labels have reached their peak in recent days, in the past of this type branding was a great failure. Since it failed in the past we faced certain amount of difficulty in collecting the data, which was a hindrance in doing the research. The motive of the research is to find the effects of PLBs in retail store and its impact on sales. The gap found in this research is that there is link between the sales, ambiance, perceived price, perceived quality and other external factors thataffect the house brands which wasn't undiscovered from sellers point. The significant factor which drew us in starting this paper was that, there are no such researches on women apparel specifically in ethnic segment of Indian market.

Published by: Shivangi Agarwal, Yashika Agarwal, Isha PatelResearch Area: Marketing

Organisation: Christ University, Bangalore, KarnatakaKeywords: Private Label Brand, Store Image, Sales, Women Apparel

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Review Article

41. A Review on Diabetic Neuropathy

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is the most common and multifactor complication of diabetes mellitus. It is late finding in type I diabetes and can be an early finding in type II diabetes. It is characterized by hyper responsiveness to pain typically originating in the extremities, progressive loss of neuronal function. The exact etiopathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy is dependent on many factors such as hyperglycemia, neuronal loss, alteration in neurotransmitters and growth factors. Other mechanism include, insulin deficiency, oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, ischemia, osmolytic accumulation, neurotropic factor deficiency, autoimmune nerve destruction, alteration in cellular signaling pathways and gene expression of proteins. The main risk factor for diabetic neuropathy is hyperglycemia. Good control of hyperglycemia, blood pressure and dyslipidemia is important for prevention and reducing progression of neuropathy. Although current treatment focusses on pain management, attention should be paid to potential risk factors for neuropathy. For eg. glycemic control, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension should be managed with diet, exercise and medication.

Published by: Pooja Belapurkar, Sonal More, Gaurav Patil, Mahalaxmi MohanResearch Area: Pharmacology

Organisation: Mahatma Gandhi Vidyamandir's Pharmacy College, Nashik, MaharashtraKeywords: Diabetic Neuropathy, Hyperglycemia, Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, Pain.

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42. Toxicity by Silver Nanoparticles

The application of nanoparticles (NPs) has increased recently because of the important antimicrobial activities of these nanomaterials, allowing their use in several industrial sectors. Due to these applications. There is an increasing concern related to the biological impacts of the use of silver nanoparticles on a large scale and the possible risk to the environment and health. Now a days, some recent studies have been published based on the investigation of potential inflammatory effects, diverse cellular impacts of silver nanoparticles and other important issue related to nanoparticle toxicity. These nanoparticles damage the genetic material, by crossing the cell membranes. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in the analysis of potential nanoparticle toxicity. With the increasing application of NPs in medical contexts, it is becoming necessary for a better understanding of the mechanisms of silver NPs biological interactions and their potential toxicity. Some unique properties of silver NPs, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory activity and toxicity to invertebrates and vertebrates are discussed in this article. Finally, Potential toxicology considerations of Ag NPs, both in vitro and in vivo, are also addressed.

Published by: Sonal Bhasker More, Pooja Belapurkar, Gaurav Patil, Mahalaxmi MohanResearch Area: Pharmacology

Organisation: Mahatma Gandhi Vidyamandir's Pharmacy College, Nashik, MaharashtraKeywords: Silver Nanoparticles, Toxicity, Antibacterial, Mechanism

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43. Compliance to the Iron Folic Acid Supplementation among Antenatal Mothers Attending a Primary Health Centre - A Community Based Cross Sectional Study

Pregnant women suffer from Iron deficiency anaemia. National programme of India proposes IFA supplementation to pregnant women for 100 days for safe motherhood. Success of such interventions depends on the compliance to intake. Health system and patient’s factors are determine the compliance status, which are not studied extensively. Limited adherence to therapy is denying success of supplementation. This study was carried out to assess compliance status and factors influencing it.

Published by: Priya Senthil Kumar, B. Yuva PriyaResearch Area: Medical

Organisation: Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, Tamil NaduKeywords: Compliance, IFA Tablets, Knowledge.

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44. Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Lungs, Hearts and Muscles of Cow from Abattoirs in Anyigba, Ejule and Ankpa

The recent widespread concern in human health due to the consumption of food product of animal origin has necessitated the need to monitor the level of heavy metal in animal tissues. This study was undertaken to evaluate the concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni and Fe) in the Lung, heart, and Muscle of cow from selected abattoir in Anyigba, Ejule, and Ankpa in Kogi State, Nigeria, by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The levels of heavy metals in Lung, heart, and Muscle of cow have the following mean concentration 0.27, 0.29, 0.09 mg/kg Pb;0.22,0.14,0.09 mg/kg Cd;2.27,3.25,2.18 mg/kg Zn; 1.67,1.33,1.70 mg/kg Cu; 3.80,2.70,1.57mg/kg Cr. 0.72,0.75,0.71 mg/kg Ni and 56.7,58.92,62.04 mg/kg Fe; in Lung, Heart and Muscle respectfully in Ejule, 0.13,0.11,0.36mg/kg Pb; 0.29,0.91,0.06 mg/kg Cd; 2.12,1.66,1.74 mg/kg Zn; 2.48,1.98,2.10 mg/kg Cu; 2.39,2.09,1.40 mg/kg Cr: 1.29,0.90,1.66 Ni mg/kg and 72.60,66.90,72.38 mg/kg Fe in, Lung, Heart and Muscle respectfully in Anyigba, and 0.11,0.04,0.03mg/kgPb;0.03,0.04,0.03 mg/kg Cd; 1.99, 2.50, 1.78 mg/kg Zn; 2.08, 1.72, 0.39 mg/kg Cu; 0.75, 0.75, 0.39 mg/kg Cr: 1.03,0.74,0.79mg/kg Ni and 49.79, 44.49, 54.48 mg/kg Fe in Lung, Heart and Muscle respectfully in Ankpa. The concentrations of the metals in the various meat parts (lung, Heart and muscle) were significantly different (p<0.05). The concentrations of Pb, Cr, Ni, were higher (p<0.05) than the permissible limits set EPA and WHO respectively; while the concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Fe were lower than EPA and WHO. However, the determined concentrations compared favorably (p<0.05) with values found in literature.

Published by: Onoja P. K, Omede S. N., Ichado A. S. PResearch Area: Medical

Organisation: Kogi State University, Kogi State, NigeriaKeywords: Metals, Meat, Organs, Anyigba, Ejule, Ankpa

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45. Prepaid Electricity Meter using GSM Module

The antiquated approach for depositing of bills for consuming of electricity results in undesirable faults and wastage of time. So this paper represents the prepaid electricity meter using GSM Module to facilitate power utility and minimize the labor work.. Prepaid electricity meter can be used for monitoring of undeveloped and control household energy meter. This technique gives the data about the recharge amount of the consumer and stops the energy supply when amount of balance goes below than the threshold value .The data gets delivered and received by concerned energy Provider Company by the GSM network. The body which gives the supply receives the reading within few seconds without visiting consumer. Prepaid electricity meter reduces the number of regular visit. Prepaid electricity meter not only decreases labor cost but also increase meter reading efficiency and save huge amount of time .In traditional method faults are inevitable at every stage of depositing bill. Some faults are human errors at the time of noting the meter reading and while processing the paid bill .The research paper elaborates and describes the utility of prepaid electricity meter which is advantageous for the consumer to manage energy usage, to minimize faults and bill processing.

Published by: Annapurna Mishra, Avinash Kumar, Chetan Chaturvedi, Gautam Kamran, Ravi KumarResearch Area: Electronics and Communication

Organisation: IMS Engineering College , Ghaziabad, Uttar PradeshKeywords: GSM, Prepaid Electricity Meter, Energy

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